PrecursorsIn the early 19th century, artists in Munich also began to take advantage of new opportunities available to show their works in public exhibitions and offer them for sale. Initially, these were held at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts (Königliche Akademie der bildenden Künste, founded in 1808) and the competing Kunstverein (founded in 1823). To respond to the growing need for exhibition space, King Ludwig I commissioned Georg Friedrich Ziebland to construct a building in neoclassical style on Königsplatz, opposite the Glyptothek. A short distance away, in 1853/54, August von Voit built a modern glass and steel construction for the "First General German Industry Exhibition" in the old botanical garden. Instead of the planned dismantling or partial transformation as a greenhouse, Maximilian I decided that the 12,000-square-meter building should continue to be used for a wide variety of events. In 1858, the "First German General and Historical Art Exhibition" was held there, followed in 1869 by the "First International Art Exhibition." As of 1889, the Glass Palace was used almost exclusively for art exhibitions. It evolved into one of the largest exhibition forums in Munich and into a significant hub of art trading. In the night of June 6, 1931, the Glass Palace burned down. Timeline1930 March 27 Following the collapse of the governing coalition, the emergency decrees promulgated by Reich Chancellor Heinrich Brüning took effect December 19 The dictatorial rule of Joseph Stalin begins in the USSR 1931 September 11 Adolf Hitler meets with many industrialists to explain his economic goals October 11 The German National Party, the "Frontkämpferbund" and the NSDAP form the Harzburger Front against the government November 7 Mao Zedong declares the first Chinese Soviet Republic in Jiangxi province; Japanese forces occupy Manchuria, which belongs to China 1932 April 23 In the USSR, the Union of Artists is set up and becomes obligatory for artists, in order to push through "Socialist Realism" May "Austro-Fascism" takes hold in Austria under Federal Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss July 31 The NSDAP is the strongest party in the Reichstag August First film festival in Venice; the German director Leni Riefenstahl is toasted for her entry, Das blaue Licht (The Blue Light) December 10 Five-power conference in Geneva: The German Reich is recognized as a state with equal rights. |
Timeline1930 March 27 Following the collapse of the governing coalition, the emergency decrees promulgated by Reich Chancellor Heinrich Brüning took effect December 19 The dictatorial rule of Joseph Stalin begins in the USSR |
